Osteostraci os·teost·raci uncommon noun 1. extinct group of armored fishlike vertebrates; taxonomy is not clear Synonymssuborder OsteostraciCephalaspidasuborder Cephalaspida Related words Broader terms animal order Parts Ostracodermi Part of osteostracan WordNet 2.1 (Princeton University). WordNet 2.1 Copyright Princeton University. All rights reserved.