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arduous

ar·duous

UK/ˈɑː.djuː.əs/ US/ˈɑː.d͡ʒuː.əs/ uncommon obsolete

adjective

1.

characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

  • “worked their arduous way up the mining valley”
  • “a grueling campaign”
  • “hard labor”
  • “heavy work”
  • “heavy going”
  • “spent many laborious hours on the project”
  • “set a punishing pace”
2.

taxing to the utmost; testing powers of endurance

  • “his final, straining burst of speed”
  • “a strenuous task”
  • “your willingness after these six arduous days to remain here” F.D.Roosevelt
Similar
3.

difficult to accomplish; demanding considerable mental effort and skill

  • “the arduous work of preparing a dictionary”
Similar

Origin

From Latin arduus (“lofty, high, steep, hard to reach, difficult, laborious”), akin to Irish ard (“high”).

Related words

Word family

WordNet 2.1 (Princeton University). Wiktionary (CC BY-SA). CMU Pronouncing Dictionary. WordNet 2.1 Copyright Princeton University. All rights reserved. Wiktionary content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Licence.