Mediterranean anemia me·di·ter·raneananemia uncommon noun 1. an inherited form of anemia caused by faulty synthesis of hemoglobin SynonymsthalassemiathalassaemiaMediterranean anemiaMediterranean anaemia Related words Broader terms hypochromic anemiamonogenic disorder Narrower terms Cooley's anemia WordNet 2.1 (Princeton University). WordNet 2.1 Copyright Princeton University. All rights reserved.